Objective: Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) is a common cause of hip pain and significantly impairs quality of life. Morphological changes between the femur and acetabulum can lead to a range of pathologies, from focal cartilage defects to labral tears, which may ultimately progress to osteoarthritis. Evidence suggests that patients with osteoarthritis classified as Tönnis grades 0 and 1 typically benefit from hip arthroscopy. However, the available literature on the prognosis of patients with Tönnis grades 2 and higher remains limited. The short-term outcomes of hip arthroscopy were evaluated in patients with Tönnis stage 2 osteoarthritis whose symptoms persisted despite undergoing conservative treatment.
Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent hip arthroscopy with the diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome at our center between 2020 and 2023 were included in the study. The inclusion criteria were patients diagnosed with femoroacetabular syndrome who had undergone hip arthroscopy and had been followed up for at least one year. Patients with Tönnis grade 0, 1, 3 and patients with bilateral surgery were excluded from the study. Tönnis stage 2 hips were included in the study. The clinical outcomes were assessed both pre-operatively and the last follow-up using the Modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), the Non-arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Score (HOOS), the Hip Outcome Score-Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL), the Hip Outcome Score-Sport Score (HOS-SS) and the Visual Analog Score (VAS).
Results: This study comprises a total of 26 patients, 15 males (57.7%) and 11 females (42.3%). The mean age of our patients was 38.3±9.8 years (range 19-56). The mean follow-up time of the patients was 24.5±3.8 months (range 15-37). Our patients exhibited significant improvement in preoperative scores, including mHHS, NAHS, HOS-Sports, HOS-ADL, and HOOS (p<0.001). Additionally, the VAS scores decreased markedly from an average of 6.9±0.8 to 2.6±0.7 (p<0.001).
Conclusion: This study revealed a significant improvement in early pain relief and functional outcomes in patients with Tönnis stage 2 osteoarthritis who underwent hip arthroscopy for the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome.